In the case of the optical isolator, the rotation angle of Faraday rotator is 45°. It is to be noteworthy here that this effect is non-reciprocal and it is based on magneto-optic effect. This vertically polarized light then fed to a Faraday rotator.įaraday rotator is nothing but an optical device that rotates the polarization of light because of Faraday effect. So, light ray on passing through this polarizer gets vertically polarized. The figure below shows the design of the isolator consisting of 3 components:Īs we can see in the figure shown above that the first component is input polarizer. Working principle of Optical IsolatorĪs we have already discussed that it is basically used to direct the transmitted radiation in a single direction by avoiding the chances of backward reflection. As firstly, at the time of transmission the beam gets splits and then merged afterwards thereby focusing at the other collimator.īut in the reverse direction, the ray gets split after which it gets diverge and hence not get focused at the collimator on the other side. Polarization independent isolator: A polarization independent isolator is composed of input and output birefringent wedges along with Faraday rotator. These are mainly used in free space optical system as the system maintains the polarization of the source. Polarization dependent isolator: A polarization dependent isolator is composed of mainly input and output polarizer along with Faraday rotator. These are mainly categorized on the basis of their polarization characteristics. Types of Optical IsolatorĪn optical isolator is majorly classified into the following categories: Now, let us move further and understand the major types of the optoisolator. The whole operation of the isolator relies on these three components. The device consists of mainly 3 components namely, input and output polarizer it can be 2 input and output birefringent plate that acts as a polarizer and a Faraday rotator. Due to this, the coherence of light does not get affected. These are majorly used in laser applications. It is also known as optoisolator, photocoupler etc. So, to avoid backward reflection of transmitted signal optical isolators are used. Basically, when a light ray is allowed to pass through the fiber then there are some chances that it may get reflected back.
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